Force Calculator
Calculate Force using Different Formulas and Units
Calculate force using Newton’s Second Law: F = m × a
Force Formulas
Newton’s Second Law
F = m × a
Force equals mass times acceleration
Gravitational Force
F = G × (m₁ × m₂) / r²
Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
Friction Force
F = μ × N
Force of friction equals coefficient times normal force
Spring Force
F = -k × x
Hooke’s Law (not implemented in this calculator)
Common Force Units
| Unit | Symbol | Equivalent | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Newton | N | 1 kg·m/s² | SI unit, most common |
| Kilonewton | kN | 1,000 N | Engineering, large forces |
| Pound-force | lbf | 4.448 N | US customary system |
| Dyne | dyn | 10⁻⁵ N | CGS system, small forces |
Force is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object.